Main symptoms of Insomnia

There are four major types of insomnia, each with distinct characteristics:

Sleep-Onset Insomnia

This type involves difficulty falling asleep, often taking more than 30 minutes to drift off. It is commonly linked to stress, anxiety, or an overactive sympathetic nervous system.

Sleep-Maintenance Insomnia

This form is marked by frequent awakenings during the night. It can result from aging, hormonal imbalances, pain, or psychological disturbances that interrupt continuous sleep.

Early-Morning Awakening

People with this type wake up too early in the morning and find it difficult to return to sleep. It is often associated with depression or mood disorders, even though the body remains physically tired.

Nonrestorative Sleep

Although individuals may sleep for an adequate duration, they wake feeling unrefreshed or still fatigued. This can be due to poor sleep quality, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, or chronic fatigue.

Daytime Effects of Insomnia

Insomnia is not just a nighttime issue—it affects daytime functioning as well. Common consequences include:

• Persistent fatigue
• Headaches or a heavy-headed sensation
• Decreased concentration and decision-making ability
• Feelings of anxiety or depression
• Digestive issues such as poor appetite, constipation, or diarrhea